German Social Democracy in Uncertain Reality

The article analyzes new aspects of the evolution Social Democratic Party Germany (SPD) against backdrop situation in Europe and world, confirming forecasts made author’s previous publications. party remains an important political force globally, influences development European social-democratic thought, actively participates reforming Union. German Democrats uphold principles liberal democracies, entering into disputes with Budapest Warsaw view their heightened sense national exclusiveness. updated conceptual guidelines testify to further tightening SPD’s course Russian direction. does not give answer fundamental questions: how outlines a world order can be built without participation Russia, especially it; what extent turn top meets interests ordinary members citizens country. approach may exacerbate already tense situation. SPD has forgotten Willy Brandt’s warnings about inadmissibility exporting FRG’s other Western countries’ model, imposing certain rules. military-political choice by O. Scholz L. Klingbeil, definition February 24, 2022 as drawing line under moral historical responsibility Berlin for atrocities Nazis, depreciating role Moscow defeat fascism reunification Germany, have become milestone ideological imperatives modern Germany. These factors will go down history Moscow–Berlin relations major mistake Democracy. should negotiate those leaders who certainly bring content conversations attention Washington, Brussels, Kyiv, Warsaw, Vilnius, Riga. ruling class sovereignty its country inspire confidence. trend expanding hostilities Ukraine use types weapons, possible direct intervention NATO countries conflict continues. clearly analyze reasons rise fall RF–FRG relations, Russia’s miscalculations, sketch out various scenarios. Despite everything, federal states, part SPD, business civil society, hopes normalizing Russia been lost completely. Their cautious statements common roots Federation Federal Republic belonging civilization cannot but restrained optimism terms preserving experience dialogue between two countries.